Apparatus for scribing curved figures.



No. 802,028, PATBNTED OCT. 1'7, 1905. F. H. BISSELL.

APPARATUS FOR SCRIBING GURVED FIGURES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19, 1904.

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APPARATUS FOR SCRIBING CURVED FIGURES.

APPLICATION FILED O0T.19, 1904 No. 802,028. PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905. F. H. BISSELL. APPARATUS FOR SGRIBING CURVED FIGURES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19, 1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oirrion.

FRANK H. BISSELL, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TOOHARLES O. HOUSER,

I OF DAYTON, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR SCRIBING 'QURVED FIGURES.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 17, 1905.

Application filed October 19, 1904. Serial No. 229,150.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK H. BIssnLL, a citizen of the United States, residing atDayton. in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Scribing Curved Figures; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus intended primarily for cutting or marking circles, ovals, and other regular curved forms for use in mounting pictures, mirrors, and the like, although the invention is not limited to apparatus designed for this particular use.

Generally speaking, the objects of the invention are to simplify and improve the mechanism employed for guiding and adjusting the scribing-tool, whereby it will perform its work accurately even when subjected to heavy strain, as in cutting thick or refractory material.

A further object is to reduce the number of working parts and to provide widely-separated guiding-bearings in a rigid frame in order that there may be no binding or error due to wear or distortion.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan View of an instrument embodying the present improvements. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a section taken in a central vertical plane from front to rear and with the handle and cutter-support turned into the plane of the section. Fig. 4 is a detail elevation of the carriage for the scribe or tool. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the same and through the support for the carriage. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view in a plane at right angles to Fig. 3.

Similar lettersof reference in the several figures indicate like parts.

The whole device is preferably mounted on a board, table, or other support, such as indicated at A, and having a flat surface upon which the sheet, mat, board, glass, or other body to be cut or marked may be placed and clamped in proper relation to the cutting or marking tool. The cutter or marker controlling mechanism is mounted in a frame B, of a somewhat irregular diamond shape and having downwardly-extending legs at three cor' ners, the leg O at therear corner being bifurcated and the branches pivotally connected at 0 with the table or support A, thereby permitting the frame to be swung up out of the way or brought down into parallelism with the table. The legs D D at the other two corners have adjustable clamping-feet E E, with clamping edges 6 e elongated from front to rear or in the direction of the greatest diameter of the figure to be cut or marked, said clamping edges being adapted to rest on the sides of the mat, board, or other object to hold the same firmly in place. In the preferred construction the feet support the front of the frame, whereby sufiicient pressure is secured to insure the holding of the object, and such pressure may be increased, if necessary, by bearing down on the frame. The feet are made adjustable toward and from each other to rest on the mat in proximity to the path of the tool or so as to hold large or small mats.

Horizontal bearings F F are formed in the corners of the frame for the reception of longitudinally-sliding rods or shafts G and G, said rods or shafts being arranged to move in lines exactly at right angles to each other, one rod or shaft, however, being located in a plane somewhat below the other for a purpose which will presently appear.

Each rod or shaft is provided With a central boss or enlargement H H, respectively, forming vertical bearings for vertical shafts I and 1, adapted to both rotate and slide vertically in the bearings.

The shaft I carries at its lower end a slide 2', through which a crank-arm a" on the upper end of the shaft I may be adjusted, so as to vary the length of the crank connection, and consequently the-relative displacement of the two horizontal rods or shafts G Gr. 1

The lower end of the vertical shaft I is provided with a support for the cutter or marker carriage L, said support being preferablyin the form of a crank arm or arms M, extending on opposite sides ofthe shaft and parallel with the crank-armz' on the upper end of the shaft. The arm or arms M form the carriagesupport and have guideways m thereon for the carriage L. The carriage may be clamped in adjusted position by a set-screw m or other appropriate means.

The upper end of the shaft I is provided with an operating-handle N, usually extended on both sides of the shaft and provided with adjustable knob handpieces n, by which the two shafts I I and the cutter or marker carriage may be rotated.

The path described by the cutter or marker depends upon the length of the crank '11 and the adjustment of the carriage on the carrier M, and both of these parts may, if desired, be provided with graduations to indicate the adjustment. The adjustment of the crank z' is preferably maintained by a set-screw 0, extending axially of the shaft 1, its head being located above the operating-handle and serving in part to retain the latter in place.

The vertical movement of the shafts I I and connected parts is for the purpose of advancing the cutter 0r marker toward or withdrawing the same from the surface of the mat, and in the preferred arrangement the parts are held up by a springsuch, for instance, as the spiral spring P, surrounding the upper end of the shaft I.

The carriage L is usually provided with an adjustable and removable tool-holder L, the adjustment being at right angles to the movement of the carriage on its carrier.

' For convenience in holding tools of different kinds or to permit of the proper mounting of the tools for rotation of the carrier in either direction the holder is provided with a series of sockets. As shown, there are three sockets L one located centrally and the others on opposite sides of a central line for the accommodation of trailing, cutting, or marking tools, such as the knife Q, the point of which will thus be brought close to the center or true scribing-point, and consequently will describe a more accurate figure.

To strengthen the frame and brace the rod G somewhat, the hearings in which the rod is mounted are preferably connected by a crosspiece B and to provide a convenient means whereby the frame and working parts may be raised and lowered for the insertion or removal of the work a handle B is provided at the front corner of the frame. Said handle may, as shown, be in the form of a tube and adapted to house the end of the rod G.

In operation if the tool-carriage be mounted on the side of the shaft 1 opposite the crank i the greatest diameter of the figure formed by the tool will be parallel with the rod G, and if on the same side of the shaft the greatest diameter will be at right angles to the said rod; but it will be understood that by adjusting the length of the crank and distance of the tool from the shaft I the shape of the figure may be correspondingly varied from a circle of any diameter within the capacity of the apparatus to an extremely-elongated oval. In fact, the adjustment may be so made that the tool will travel back and forth in a straight line.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the scribing-tool is, in effect, carried by adoublecrank shaft, one crank beinglocated between the rods and the other being formed by the tool-carriage carrier, and the figure described by the tool is the resultant of the motions imposed on the tool by the rotation of the crankshaft and longitudinal displacement of the lower rod due to the rotation of said crankshaft. By the employment of rods supported in widely-separated bearings the movement of the parts is made smooth and regular, there being no chance to bind, and wear within reasonable limits does not affect the accuracy of the instrument.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for scribing regular curved figures the combination of the following instrumentalities, to wit: a scribing-tool, a double crank controlling the path of travel of the tool, two rods in which said crank is journaled arranged to move longitudinally at right angles to each other and a frame having bearings on diametrically opposite sides of said crank in which said rods slide; substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for scribing regular curved figures, the combination of the following instrumentalities, to wit: a scribing-tool, a double crank controlling the path of travel of the tool, two rods in which said crank is journaled arranged to move longitudinally at right angles to each other, a frame and bearings for the rodslocated in the frame in proximity to each end of each rod and on diametrically opposite sides of the crank; substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for scribing regular curved figures, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit: a frame having four bearings, rods mounted in said bearings to move longitudinally at right angles to each other, two vertical shafts journaled one in each "of said rods and at points intermediate said gitudinally, and a tool-carriage adjustably supported by the lower shaft; substantially as described.

4. In an apparatus for scribing regular curved figures, the combination of the following instrumentalities, to wit: a pair of rods each mounted in widely-separated bearings to move longitudinally at right angles to each other, two shafts journaled, one in each rod and in vertical bearings intermediate the Widely-separated"bearings for the rods, a crank the effective length of which is adjustable connecting the proximate ends of the vertical shafts, an operating-handle on the outer end of one shaft, a tool-carriage carrier on the opposite end of the other shaft and a toolcarriage adjustably mounted on said carrier; substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus of the character specified,

the combination with two horizontal rods mounted to move longitudinally at right angles to each other, intermediate vertical bearings on each of said rods and vertical shafts journaled and movable vertically in said bearings, of a crank whose effective length is adjustable connecting the proximate ends of said shafts, a tool-carriage carrier on the lower shaft projecting parallel with said crank and a carriage adjustable on said carrier; substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus such as specified, the combination with the angular frame having horizontal bearings at the corners, longitudinallymovable rods mounted in said bearings and extending diagonally across said frame, vertical bearings on said rods, and vertical shafts journaled in said bearings, of a crank connecting the proximate ends of the shafts, an operating-handle on the upper shaft and a toolcarriage carried by the lower end of the lower shaft; substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus ofthecharacter specified, the combination with the angular frame pivotally supported at one corner and having horizontal bearings at each corner, and rods extending diagonally across the frame from corner to corner and. mounted in said bearings, of a double-crank shaft carried by said rods, a scribing-tool and an operating-handle; substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus of the character specified, the combination with the rigid angular frame having horizontal bearings at each corner, of a mechanism for describing circular and elliptical figures embodying longitudinallyinovable rods mounted in said bearings and extending diagonally across said frame from corner to corner and at right angles to each other, a vertically-m ovable double-crank shaft carried by said rods and a scribing-tool; substantially as described.

9. In an apparatus such as specified the combination with the angular frame having legs depending from three corners, and a pivotal connection between one of said legs and the support, of independent horizontally-adjustable supporting and work-clamping feet on the other two legs and mechanism for describing circular and elliptical figures carried by the frame and having a scribing-tool adapted to travel in a path between the feet; substan-' tially as described. I

10. In an apparatus such as specified, the combination with mechanism for describing elliptical figures embodying a tool-carrier mounted on a center having a reciprocatory movement in a plane coincident with one of the axes of the ellipse, of a trailing scribingtool mounted to swing in a socketlocated on the carrier at a point in advance of the plane in which the carrier reciprocates when the carrier is at the extremes of its reciprocatory movement.

11. In an apparatus such as specified, the combination with mechanism for describing elliptical figures embodying a tool-carrier mounted on a center movable in a plane coincident with one of the axes of the ellipse, of a trailing scribing-tool mounted to swing in a socket on the carrier, said socket being located in advance of the plane of the axis of the figure when the tool-carrier coincides with such plane; substantially as described.

FRANK H. BISSELL.

Witnesses:

MORILLA C. ALLEN, CHAS. C. HOUSER. 

